INVESTIGATION OF PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMAS IN SALIVARY GLAND, CORRELATION BETWEEN TISSUE BIOPSY AND FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most com-mon tumor of the salivary gland but there are very few studies that reflect the characteristics of the tumor. Our aim is to investigate the histopathological and clinico-pathological features of this tumor and to investigate the characteristics of fine needle aspiration cytology and its compatibility with tissue biopsy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 85 cases with pleomorphic adenoma were evaluated. The demographic characteris-tics, clinicopathological features and operative data of the patients were recorded retrospectively. The results of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) before the ope-ration were documented and the compliance of FNAB results with tissue biopsy was evaluated.RESULTS: The male to female ratio in our patients was 1/1.96 and the mean age was 44.45 (11-87). Most of our cases were in the 40-59 age range (41.57%). The tumor was seen in the parotid gland in the majority (59%) and in the minor salivary glands in the 2nd order (18%). The mean tumor diameter was 3.23 cm (1-9 cm) and the tu-mor diameter was most frequent (57.30%) in the range of 2-4 cm. The classical type was the most common (94.4%) histological type. Recurrence was seen in only 1 (1.40%) of benign cases. Malignant transformation in the tumor was present in 5 (5.61%) cases. The diagnosis of pleo-morphic adenoma was as high as 80.32% with preope-rative FNAB.CONCLUSIONS: Pleomorphic adenoma is most often seen in the parotid gland and is usually located in the su-perficial lobe. It is more frequent in the 4th to 5th decade and in the female gender. Tumor diameter is more in the range of 2-4 cm. The tumor has a low rate of recurrence and malignant transformation. Preoperative FNAB has a high diagnostic accuracy and FNAB is very important for the correct treatment approach.

AMAÇ: Pleomorfik adenom, tükürük bezinin en sık görülen tümörüdür fakat tümörün özelliklerini yansıtan çok az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Amacımız bu tümörün histopatolojik ve klinikopatolojik özelliklerini incelemek ayrıca ince iğne aspirasyon sitolojisinin özelliklerini ve doku biopsisi ile uyumunu araştırmak. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Pleomorfik adenom tanısı alan 85 olgu incelendi. Olguların demografik özellikleri, klinikopatolojik özellikleri ve operatif verileri retrospektif olarak kaydedildi. Operasyondan önceki İİAB sonuçları dökümante edildi ve İİAB sonuçlarının doku biopsisi ile uyumu değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Olgularımızda erkek-kadın oranı: 1/1.96 ve yaş ortalaması 44.45 idi (11-87). Olgularımızın çoğu 40-59 yaş aralığındaydı (%41.57). Tümör en fazla (%59) parotis bezinde, 2. sıklıkta (%18) minör tükürük bezlerinde görüldü. Ortalama tümör çapı 3.23 cm idi (1-9 cm) ve tümör çapı en sık (%57.30) 2-4 cm aralığındaydı. Klasik tip en fazla görülen (%94.4) histolojik tipti. Rekürrens benign olguların sadece 1’inde (%1.40) görüldü. Tümörde malign transformasyon olgularımızın 5’inde (% 5.61) vardı. Operasyondan önce yapılan İİAB ile %80.32 gibi yüksek oranda PA tanısı verilmişti. SONUÇ: Pleomorfik adenom en fazla parotis bezinde görülür ve burada da çoğunlukla yüzeyel lobda yerleşir. 4.-5. dekadlarda ve kadın cinsiyette daha sıktır. Tümör çapı 2-4 cm aralığında daha fazla görülür. Tümörün düşük oranda nüks ve malign transformasyon olasılığı vardır. Preoperatif İİAB’nin tanısal doğruluğu oldukça yüksektir ve İİAB yapılması doğru tedavi yaklaşımı açısından çok önemlidir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: pleomorfik adenom, tükürük bezi, tümör, İİAB ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumor of the salivary gland but there are very few studies that reflect the characteristics of the tumor. Our aim is to investigate the histopathological and clinicopathological features of this tumor and to investigate the characteristics of fine needle aspiration cytology and its compatibility with tissue biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 85 cases with pleomorphic adenoma were evaluated. The demographic characteristics, clinicopathological features and operative data of the patients were recorded retrospectively. The results of FNAB before the operation were documented and the compliance of FNAB results with tissue biopsy was evaluated. RESULTS: The male to female ratio in our patients was 1/1.96 and the mean age was 44.45 (11-87). Most of our cases were in the 40-59 age range (41.57%). The tumor was seen in the parotid gland in the majority (59%) and in the minor salivary glands in the 2nd order (18%). The mean tumor diameter was 3.23 cm (1-9 cm) and the tumor diameter was most frequent (57.30%) in the range of 2-4 cm. The classical type was the most common (94.4%) histological type. Recurrence was seen in only 1 (1.40%) of benign cases. Malignant transformation in the tumor was present in 5 (5.61%) cases. The diagnosis of PA was as high as 80.32% with preoperative FNAB. CONCLUSIONS: Pleomorphic adenoma is most often seen in the parotid gland and is usually located in the superficial lobe. It is more frequent in the 4th to 5th decade and in the female gender. Tumor diameter is more in the range of 2-4 cm. The tumor has a low rate of recurrence and malignant transformation. Preoperative FNAB has a high diagnostic accuracy and FNAB is very important for the correct treatment approach. KEYWORDS: Pleomorphic adenoma, salivary gland, tumor, FNAB