The effect of different torque values on apical debris extrusion

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different torque settings on apically extruded debris and preparation time. Single-rooted mandibular incisors were instrumented using the Fanta V Taper Gold NiTi System at three torque values (1 N·cm, 2 N·cm, and 3 N·cm) while maintaining a constant speed of 350 rpm. Debris extrusion was assessed using the modified Myers and Montgomery method, with pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes incubated at 37°C for 7 days before final weighing. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). All groups exhibited debris extrusion, with the 1 N·cm group producing significantly less debris than the 2 N·cm and 3 N·cm groups, which showed no significant difference. Additionally, the 1 N·cm group had a longer preparation time, whereas 2 N·cm and 3 N·cm groups were similar. While lower torque settings may reduce apical debris extrusion, they prolong the procedure, potentially impacting clinical efficiency and patient comfort. Given the limited research on this topic, further clinical studies are needed to assess the impact of torque values on postoperative pain and flare-up incidence.