Turkish Adaptation of the Eco-Spirituality Scale: Its Association with Emotional Connectedness to Nature, Positive Future Expectation, and Mental Well-being

Abstract

This research includes two separate studies focusing on eco-spirituality in Turkish adults (N1=413, N2=399). Data were collected through convenience sampling, allowing us to reach 812 participants aged 18-78. In Study 1 [325 (78.7%) females and 88 (21.3%) males], Confirmatory factor analysis, Item Response Theory, validity and reliability analyses were conducted in the adaptation study of the Eco-spirituality Scale. In Study 2 [294 (73.7%) female and 105 (26.3%) male], the mediating role of positive future expectation in the relationship between eco-spirituality and mental well-being was tested. Research findings suggest that the Turkish version of the Eco-spirituality Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool and can be used to measure eco-spirituality in adults. In addition, the results demonstrate that positive future expectation mediates the relationship between eco-spirituality and mental well-being. These findings confirm the strong psychometric properties of the scale, supporting its use in future research on eco-spirituality. © Copyright 2025 by Author(s)