Chemical composition of essential oil / volatiles and fatty acids, and antimicrobial evaluation of two endemic Achillea (Asteraceae) species: Achillea schischkinii Sosn. and Achillea teretifolia Willd.

Abstract

In the present study, phytochemical analyzes and investigations for in vitro antimicrobial activity of two endemic species Achillea schischkinii Sosn. and A. teretifolia Willd. were carried out. The essential oils and fatty acids as well as the different solvents extracts were obtained from aerial parts of the plants. Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC / MS) techniques were used to analyze the phytochemical composition of the volatiles and fatty acid methyl esters. In vitro antimicrobial evaluations of the plant extracts were determined against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, C. tropicalis ATCC 750, and C. glabrata ATCC 90030 by microdilution method. The antifungal combination of infusion of A. schischkinii with fluconazole was determined by the checkerboard method againts Candida species. Chemical compositions of A. schischkinii and A. teretifolia were determined as 1,8-cineol (25.2-30.4 %), and camphor (7.05.5 %). Antimicrobial evaluation of different extracts of A. teretifolia , were performed for the first time in this study. The MIC values were observed between at 156.25-5000 mu g / mL for both of the plant extracts. The combination showed a synergistic effect (FIC <= 0.5) against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis.