Investigation of the Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Endemic Seseli salsugineum A. Duran and Lyskov Essential Oil

Abstract

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to determine the chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of the recently discovered endemic species Seseli salsugineum (S. salsugineum) A. Duran and Lyskov for the first time. Methods: Essential oil from the aerial parts of S. salsugineum was isolated by using a Clevenger-type apparatus and the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), simultaneously. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was tested against Gram-negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC B888), Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711), and three fungal strains: Candida albicans ATCC 24433, CandidaparapsilosisATCC 22019 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258 by broth microdilution method. Chloramphenicol and amphotericin B were used as positive controls. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. Results: Dried aerial parts of S. salsugineum yielded 0.28% (v/w) essential oil. GC and GC-MS analyses resulted in the characterization of sabinene (35.5%), kessane (10.5%), alpha-pinene (6.4%), terpinen-4-ol (5.0%) as main constituents. The essential oil was found to be effective against all tested strains (320-1280 mu g/mL). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report on the chemistry and biological activity of S. salsugineum essential oil.