Electrochemical sensor design based on silver nanoparticles modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes paste electrode for the sensitive determination of mepivacaine

Abstract

Mepivacaine, an amide-type local anesthetic drug widely used in regional anesthesia, was studied by some aspects such as electrochemical behavior, mechanism illumination, and analytical applications by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and different pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. In this study, a novel, fast, simple, portable, and the inexpensive electrochemical sensor was developed for the determination of mepivacaine. This study was carried out by mepivacaine anodic direction detection for the first time. The modified sensor was fabricated with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes paste electrode (MWCNTPE) by using the drop-dry method. Different experimental parameters, such as pulse amplitude, step potential, and scanning rate in the DPV application module, were optimized. Under optimal operation conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) as low as 31 μg L-1 was found over the dynamic range (0.1-8.0 mg L-1). In contrast to its high response towards mepivacaine, the DPV exhibits negligible responses on modified AgNP/MWCNTPE when exposed to interfering species such as dopamine, uric acid, glucose, ascorbic acid, and some heavy metals. Exceptionally, the proposed DPV method on modified AgNP/MWCNTPE was successfully applied to pharmaceutical dosage form and synthetic human serum with a low relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.35% and 2.02%, respectively.