Association of stress, anxiety, and depression levels with sleep quality in patients with temporomandibular disorders

Abstract

Objective: To examine the psychological symptoms of TMD and their effects on sleep quality in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Methods: The study was carried out with 425 consecutive TMD patients who sought care at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of a faculty of dentistry. Perceived Stress Scale-14, Beck Anxiety Scale, and Beck Depression Scale were used to evaluate the psychological state. Sleep quality was evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: The mean sleep score of all participants was 6.52. As the level of anxiety and depression increased, the scores of both total sleep quality and sleep quality components increased significantly (p < 0.001). On the other hand, those with poor sleep quality had significantly higher stress, anxiety, and depression levels than those with good sleep quality (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Negative emotional situations such as stress, anxiety, and depression seriously impair sleep quality in TMD patients.