Salvia cadmica as a potential agent in biofilm-related infection prevention

Abstract

This study investigates the antibiofilm activity of Salvia cadmica (S. cadmica) aqueous-ethanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 25923, a well-known biofilm-forming bacterium. The antibiofilm efficacy of the extract on both planktonic and biofilm forms of S. aureus ATCC 25923 was assessed using the MTT reduction assay, while morphological alterations were examined by scanning electron microscopy. A dose-dependent increase in biofilm inhibition was observed, with biofilm inhibition and eradication rates reaching 34.07±0.44% and 35.71±0.4%, respectively, at 2× MIC concentration of plant extract. Microbiological analyses confirmed the antibiofilm potential of S. cadmica extract against S. aureus ATCC 25923. These findings highlight the promising antibiofilm properties of Salvia cadmica extract, suggesting its potential application in the treatment of infections associated with biofilm-forming S. aureus ATCC 25923. Future research should aim to isolate and characterize individual bioactive compounds from S. cadmica to better understand their mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects. © 2025 Pamukkale University. All rights reserved.